MySQL 版本信息：

[root@db02 ~]# mysql --version
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.36, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper

Usage:

mysql [OPTIONS] [database]

选项

-u, --user=name 指定用户名 -p, --password[=pwd] 指定密码 -h, --host=ip 指定服务器IP或者域名 -P, --port=3306 指定连接端口

默认为连接本机（localhost）上的3306端口

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
[root@db02 ~]# mysql --user=root --password=123
[root@db02 ~]# mysql --user=root --password
Enter password: 

查看当前登录的用户信息 root@localhost

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
mysql> select current_user();
+----------------+
| current_user() |
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)

指定连接哪台服务器上的mysql，指定端口号

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 -hlocalhost -P3306
[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 -h10.0.0.52 -P3306

查看当前登录的用户信息 root@10.0.0.%

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 -h10.0.0.52 -P3306
mysql> select current_user();
+----------------+
| current_user() |
+----------------+
| root@10.0.0.% |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

设定客户端字符集 --default-character-set=gbk

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 
mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /application/mysql-5.6.36/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

加上参数连接

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 --default-character-set=gbk
mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | gbk |
| character_set_connection | gbk |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | gbk |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /application/mysql-5.6.36/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

执行选项-e

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 -e 'show databases'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
| world |
+--------------------+

多个sql语句中间用英文分号（;）隔开

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 -e 'show tables from mysql;select host,user from mysql.user;'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| event |
| func |
.............................
.............................
| user |
+---------------------------+
+-----------+------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------+
| 10.0.0.% | root |
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------+

格式化选项

-E, --vertical

将输出方式按照字段顺序竖着显示

-s, --silent

去掉mysql中的线条框显示

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 -e 'show databases' -E
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Database: information_schema
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Database: mysql
*************************** 3. row ***************************
Database: performance_schema
*************************** 4. row ***************************
Database: test
*************************** 5. row ***************************
Database: world
[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 -e 'show databases' -s
Database
information_schema
mysql
performance_schema
test
world
[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 -e 'select user,host from mysql.user' -s
user	host
root	10.0.0.%
root	127.0.0.1
root	localhost

mysql -uroot -p123 -s

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 -s
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
user	host
root	10.0.0.%
root	127.0.0.1
root	localhost

错误处理选项

-f, --force

强制执行sql

-v, --verbose

显示更多信息

--show-warnings

显示警告信息

这三个经常是一起使用的

如果执行脚本有错，可以使用 -f 强制执行，而不是在遇到错误时直接终止

sql测试文本
[root@db02 ~]# cat a.sql 
insert into stu values(1);
insert into stu values(2aa);
insert into stu values(3);

遇到错误直接终止运行

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 test < a.sql 
ERROR 1054 (42S22) at line 2: Unknown column '2aa' in 'field list'
[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 test -e 'select * from stu'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
+------+

使用 -f 参数

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 test -f < a.sql 
ERROR 1054 (42S22) at line 2: Unknown column '2aa' in 'field list'
[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 test -e 'select * from stu'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
| 1 |
| 3 |
+------+

使用-f -v参数

[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 test -f -v < a.sql 
--------------
insert into stu values(1)
--------------
--------------
insert into stu values(2aa)
--------------
ERROR 1054 (42S22) at line 2: Unknown column '2aa' in 'field list'
--------------
insert into stu values(3)
--------------

使用-f -v --show-warnings参数

[root@db02 ~]# cat a.sql 
insert into stu values(1);
insert into stu values(222222222222222222222);
insert into stu values(3);
[root@db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 test -f -v --show-warnings < a.sql 
--------------
insert into stu values(1)
--------------
--------------
insert into stu values(222222222222222222222)
--------------
ERROR 1264 (22003) at line 2: Out of range value for column 'id' at row 1
Error (Code 1264): Out of range value for column 'id' at row 1
Error (Code 1264): Out of range value for column 'id' at row 1
--------------
insert into stu values(3)
--------------

注：此博文参考仅供参考

参考书籍：《深入浅出MySQL 数据库开发、优化与管理维护》（第二版）