敲黑板｜西方家长是这样教孩子餐桌礼仪的 The Guide to Table Manners for Kids

如何正确使用叉刀？

How to properly handle a fork and a knife?

怎样吃意大利面才叫有礼貌？

What is the polite way to eat spaghetti?

怎么让孩子自己夹丸子？

Can I help myself when I want more of these meatballs?

该如何帮助孩子解决上述问题？

别着急

你可以从这个简单易懂的饮食指南中得到解答。

These and other important questions are answered in this handy guide to eating without offending or grossing people out.

这些规则不仅仅适用于时髦聚会或晚餐

还可以帮孩子改善今后的社交生活！

These are not rules just for fancy parties or dinners, they are basic information your children can use every day to improve their social life!

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餐桌布置

Table Setting

餐具的摆放方式——刀叉、盘子、玻璃器皿和餐巾——透露出每道菜要用哪种餐具。它们提供不少线索，告诉你什么时候可以吃什么食物。当你坐下时，你可能会在盘子左边看到1-3把叉子。需要由外向内使用它们，所以如果较小的沙拉叉在外，那预示着你将在主菜之前吃沙拉。

The way the table is set – utensils, plates, glassware, and napkins – indicates you in about which cutlery to use for each course. It gives you clues as to what food you can expect to be served and when. When you sit down you may see one, two, or three forks to the left of your plate. You will use them from the outside in, so if the smaller salad fork is on the outside, you know you will be served salad before the main course.

有些餐桌只是为了家常便饭而准备。有些设置更为正式，最多的时候可达五道菜。无论是哪种方式，这里都是摆放餐桌时、或者去餐厅用餐时所需要牢记的重要信息。

Some tables are set for just one course at a simple family meal. Some settings are more formal, sometimes for up to a five-course meal. Either way, here are the main information you should remember when setting up the table, or what to expect when you visit a restaurant.

盘子：摆放在餐桌的“中心”，通常是最先开始摆放的。

Plate. The ? hub ? of the setting, itis often the first thing to be set on the table.

叉子：总是放在盘子左侧。

Fork. It is always placed to the left of the plate.

刀：摆放在餐桌的在右侧，刀刃朝内。

Knife. It is set next to the plate, on the right, with the cutting edge facing toward the plate.

勺子：汤匙位于刀的右侧。既可以用来喝汤，也可以用来吃意大利面。

Spoon. The spoon goes to the right of the knife. It may be used for soup as well as for spaghetti.

玻璃杯：至少需要一个水杯，放置在餐盘上侧。酒杯可以放在其旁边。

Glasses. One water glass is the minimum and will be set on top of the plate. Wine glasses may be added next to it.

甜品匙：水平放置在餐盘与杯子中间处。

Dessert spoon. It will be set horizontally above the plate, under the glasses.

面包盘：在正式场合，会出现在你的左手边，位于叉子正上方，上面通常放着这一把黄油刀。

Bread plate. On formal occasions, it will be on your left, just above your forks, generally accompanied by a butter knife.

餐巾：非正式场合可以放在餐盘里，正式场合通常放在叉子的左侧。

Napkin. It could be placed inside the plate on informal occasions or left of the forks on formal occasions.

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用餐体态

Body gesture

人们看到的通常是你向他们所展示的那一面。他们根据你的言行举止来评断你。如果你能用适当的举止和礼仪表现出自己的最佳状态，那你会给他人留下深刻的印象。当涉及到坐姿时，以下是基本规则：

People only see what you show to them. They judge you on the way you behave, sit, eat and talk. If you show the best out of yourself with proper manners and etiquette, at the end of the day, you will be remembered as such. Here are the fundamental rules when it comes to body gesture at the table.

背部：应该保持笔直的状态。一开始可能会很痛苦，但如果你考后坐，就会容易许多。不要把头埋进餐盘，要用餐具将食物送到嘴里。

Back. It should always be straight. This habit might be painful at first to get and will be achieved more easily if you sit well at the bottom of the chair. Don’t bow down to your plate, your hands take the food to your mouth.

手：手应始终放在桌上。即使用右手拿叉子，左手不使用任何餐具，也该把左手放桌上。

Hands. Your hands will remain above the table at all times. When eating with a fork in your right hand, with your left hand free of utensil, lay it above the table.

肘部：为了避免打扰你桌子的邻居，让它们离开桌子、贴近身体两侧。

Elbows. They remain off the table and close to your chest in order to avoid bothering your table’s neighbors.

餐巾：一落座，就要把餐巾展开，平铺在腿上。

Napkin. At the beginning of the meal, as soon as you sit at the table, unfold the napkin and place it on your laps.

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餐具的使用

Using cutlery

基本的餐具有叉刀，也许会有勺子。场合越正式，桌上的餐具就越多。要记住这些基本规则。

Basic cutlery is made of a fork, a knife and possibly a spoon. The more formal the meal gets, the more cutlery may be placed on the table. Remember these basic rules.

吃肉：一把刀和一把叉子。如果是右撇子，用左手拿叉，手的姿势好像在指什么东西一样。以同样的方法，用右手握刀 。在欧洲，切下一块肉会直接把送到嘴里。在美国，比较正式的礼仪是说切完肉之后放下刀，用右手拿叉，将其送到嘴里。

Eating meat. This will require a fork and a knife. If you are right-handed, you will hold your fork with your left hand, as if you were pointing at something. You will hold your knife with your right hand, the same way. In Europe, once you cut a piece of meat, you will bring it to your mouth directly. In the US, the formal etiquette says you shall lay down your knife, take the fork in your right hand and bring the piece of meat to your mouth.

吃沙拉：需要一把叉子，向拿铅笔一样用用手将其握住。不需要用刀，因为刀叉并用吃沙拉是不礼貌的举止。作为替代，可撕下小小块面包将食物推到叉子上。

Eating salad. This only requires a fork, which you will hold in your right hand as if you were holding a pencil. You will not use your knife, as it is impolite to cut the salad as well as using a knife to assist the food onto your fork. Instead, you may use a piece of bread.

用毕：将刀叉平行放置在盘子上，叉柄和刀柄朝向4点钟方向。如果没用完餐，将刀叉呈开放形态摆放在盘子上。

Once your dish is finished, indicate it to the host or the waiter by placing your fork and knife next to each other in your plate, in a parallel position, at 4 o’clock. If you are not finished yet, lay your fork and knife inside your plate, in an open position.

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餐桌礼仪

Table manners

在餐桌上表现失当会给他人留下不好的印象，并且损害自己的声誉。优良的礼仪是在社交场合取得成功的重要第一步！

Showing poor behavior at the table will always have a very negative impact on what people think of you and will hurt your reputation. Good manners are the first step towards social success!

不要像这样

Don't

抢在主人动餐前或其他客人的餐还没上的时候用餐。

… start eating before your host and before the rest of the guests are served.

吃面或喝汤时发出噪音，避免任何咀嚼产生的噪音。

… be noisy while eating your noodles or drinking your soup, avoid any chewing noises.

在满口食物的时候讲话，将食物咽下再回答问题。

… speak with your mouth full of food, swallow it before answering a question.

试图够餐桌远处的东西，而应带请他人拿。

… try to reach something which is too far away from you, instead, ask for it.

要这样

Do

用双手将面包撕成小块。

… use both hands to break your bread into pieces.

主动给邻座添水，并留意他们的需要。

… offer water to your neighbors and remain aware if they need something.

等待主人问是否需要添餐食，或友好地要求。

… wait for the host to offer you second rounds of food, or kindly ask for it.

离开餐厅主动提出帮助主人打扫。

… offer your help to the host to clean the table before you leave the room.

想要帮助孩子提高西方餐桌礼仪方面的知识？快来预定Hedonia 3月23日在苏州开设的儿童餐桌礼仪课吧！

Do you want to improve your children’s knowledge of Western table manners? Register your child to Hedonia’s Children’sTable Manners training in Suzhou on March 23rd!